Pdf legal and institutional frameworks regulating rural land. Is the current land policy of ethiopia the most feasible one with respect to the economic goals of the country. A schematic introduction from the land in africa conference quan, j. Illustrative usaid land tenure projects afghanistan land titling and economic restructuring biodiversity conservation of public lands in the brazilian amazon egypt financial services project ethiopia land administration program ghana commercial agriculture. Pdf is the current land policy of ethiopia the most. It provides a forum for the exchange of ideas and information from the diverse range of disciplines and interest groups which must be combined to formulate effective.
Ethiopian forest policy emerging from the official documents. Land tenure, administration and use in pastoral areas of ethiopia support has been given to the establishment of pastoral elders councils, and broadcasting of a regular pastoral program on ethiopian radio. The embodiment of the land governance in general and urban land governance in particular has been provided under the fdre. The national land policy was a product of love and labour done free of charge involving several. Government has the duty to hold, on behalf of the people, land and other natural resources and to deploy them for their common benefit and development. In this proclamation, unless the context requires otherwise. Yet, little is known in a systematic and scholarly fashion of the realities of ethiopian land policy and practice. The way it is governed and administered therefore has a significant impact on a countrys future. This proclamation may be cited as the federal democratic republic of ethiopia rural land administration and land use proclamation no. Ethiopias land certification program is one of the most extensive in africa. Land laws and proclamations in tanzania and ethiopia. Thus, herein udder are the essence of the current land governance with respect to lease policy and urban land governance thereby the legal base for valuation work in ethiopia. At times, one observes the terms being used interchangeably leading to the notion of why one needs land use policy when the country already 2 this study refers to the five papers presented and discussed at a national workshop on land use policy in ethiopia at adama town on october 2021. The first addresses the laws of tanzania, the second the ethiopian laws.
The important sections of the different acts and proclamations have been abstracted to show how. Ethiopia s land certification program is one of the most extensive in africa. Evaluation of the ethiopian agricultural extension. Thus, urban land use laws and policies should be flexible, apt and transparent to respond to such various and complex land demands.
Pdf urban land acquisition and social justice in ethiopia. Doc inconsistency of rural land laws in ethiopia yosef. Addis ababa university school of post graduate school of law. Current land policy issues in etkiopia food and agriculture.
Removing limitations of current ethiopian rural land. Land use policy is at the heart of all development endeavors that aim to. The way it is governed and administered therefore has. Opportunities and challenges to developing the sector 1. Ethiopia land policy and administration assessment xiii governments from pursuing land redistribution which on several occasions has stripped farmers of rights or reduced landholdings. In tigray state, northern ethiopia, where the detailed. Political reforms visavis rule of law eritreaethiopia peace deal offers hope for. Ethiopia that land is the property of the state and the peoples of ethiopia and that its use shall be subject to specific regulation by law. Ethiopias admission policy has been modified more than four times in the last 22 years in favor of investors. Land tenure, administration and use in pastoral areas of ethiopia. Yemeret yizota be hibretesebawit ethiopia land possession in the republic of ethiopia, addis ababa.
Privilege to full repatriation of profits, dividends, principal and interest. Research has repeatedly highlighted the multiple and overlapping nature of land tenure in subsaharan africa. Land tenure, administration and use in pastoral areas of. Background it is estimated that ethiopias closed canopy forest cover has fallen from 40% to 3% of the land area since the beginning of this century. Forest policy, strategies and laws of ethiopia opportunities and challenges to developing the sector. Land tenure and land policy in ethiopia after the derg. Removing limitations of current ethiopian rural land policy. Land administration guidelines 7 executive summary these guidelines are based on the assumption that a formal system is necessary to register land and property and hence to provide secure ownership in land, investments and other private and public rights in real estate. In ethiopia land has been central by which the rural community has been implicitly or explicitly tied to the state.
It is the crucial source of generating livelihood income for. The general land law and the special land law have a lot of common areas and hence are to be treated as being supplementary to each other as they deal with similar objectreal property. This study explores land tenure issues theories, country experiences, and the ethiopian case during the period pre1975 to present and raises fundamental issues for further investigation. The paper inevitably raises more questions that it answers. Land is one form of property that is a subject of ownership or other form of use rights. Ethiopian economic associationethiopian economic policy research institute eeaeepri. Ethiopia is not adequate both in law and in practice to ensure the achievement of the objectives for which eia was recognized because, inter alia, 1 the laws relating to the use of eia are inadequate, 2 the institutions that are established to ensure the effectiveness of. Ownership, equity, and liberty in land use rights daniel weldegebriel ambaye, ethiopia key words. Urban land lease policy of ethiopia case study on addis ababa. Property is everything that has material or moral value for human beings and guaranteed and enforced by law.
In no other country in africa is the impact of deforestation more severe. Senior police officers enhance knowledge on humanitarian principles ethiopia. Land laws and proclamations in tanzania and ethiopia diva. It further examines alternative policy, legislative, institutional and implementation mechanisms, and makes recommendations deduced from a thorough analysis of. June 2016 download pdf more than two decades after the end of apartheid, land remains an emotive fault line in south africa. The land tenure system has been a controversial issue in ethiopia. Urban land lease policy of ethiopia case study on addis. Ppt forest policy, strategies and laws of ethiopia.
National policy principles and objectives ethiopia. The need for a policy on natural resource and the environment the government of the federal democratic republic of ethiopia fdre has established a macro economic policy and strategy framework. A study on the impact of the current land lease law on. Land rights and land grabbing in oromia, ethiopia article in land use policy 703. Case study of bahir dar, ethiopia by haimanot woldgbrial teferi thesis submitted to the faculty of geoinformation science and earth observation of the university. Ethiopian economic policy research institute, addis ababa, ethiopia.
Land, law and traditional leadership in south africa. Ethiopian business law series, faculty of law, addis ababa university. Whereas, the sustainable rapid economic growth registered across all economic sectors and regions in the country has necessitated continuously and increasingly the demand for urban land which. But the special land law will also be treated in a quite fair. One of them, the ethiopian peoples revolutionary party eprp, believed so strongly in civilian rule that it undertook urban guerrilla war against the military rulers, and anarchy ensued in the following years. Sectoral development policies and strategies have been, or are currently being, formulated. Land policy, the real source of power in imperial and contemporary ethiopia. This has largely been a reflection of the prevailing land policy and land holding tenure systems of the country under different governance regimes. It needs support from abroad ethiopias first female chief justice. Even with the certificates, land users may lose rights to use land under certain circumstances. Ethiopia investment policies and incentives and opportunities. Critics point out that millions of farmers, especially women, still lack secure rights to their land, which increases the risks of expropriation.
Many in rural communities have lost patience with the paternalistic approach of traditional leaders, commercial farmers and mining corporations. Ethiopias ancient system of feudal government experienced significant changes under haile selassie i reigned 193074, who carefully grafted onto the traditional governing institutions a weak parliament of appointed and elected legislators, a judiciary with modernized civil and criminal codes and a hierarchy of courts, and an executive. All original manual records should be stored in a secure vault. The advocates of the existing land policy believe that if the farmers are given the right to own land privately and are allowed. The derg borrowed its ideology from competing marxist parties, all of which arose from the student movement. Land use policy is an international and interdisciplinary journal concerned with the social, economic, political, legal, physical and planning aspects of urban and rural land use. Review of landholding systems and policies in ethiopia. Country case study report how law and regulation supports disaster risk reduction.
Government shall at all times promote the participation of the people in the formulation of national development policies and programmes. To achieve these goals, the government of ethiopia has accepted urban land lease policy as the alternative land tenure system so as to provide a room for individuals and investors to land to use land use rights through transferring from the state to land users. The problem of land reform in ethiopia has hampered that countrys economic development throughout the late 19th and 20th centuries. Attempts to modernize land ownership by giving title either to the peasants who till the soil, or to largescale farming programs, have been tried under imperial rulers like emperor haile selassie, and under marxist regimes like the derg, with mixed results. The role of donors in combatting corruption in land administration in ethiopia 3. The purpose of this course is to treat rules and laws applicable to land. Land policy in ethiopia ethiopian economic association. An assessment of urban land lease policy implementation in. References summary land is a vital resource and a driver of economic growth and development. In this material, more attention is towards the general land law regulated by the civil code. Proceedings of the second workshop of the land tenure project, working paper on ethiopian development.
Th is policy and the att endant land administration practices have drawn impassioned debates over the years, to the extent of holding it responsible for all failures in the overall socioeconomic development of urban centers. Land lease policy in addis ababa ethiopian, chamber. Today pfe has a membership of 36 local and international ngos working in pastoral areas. Corruption risks in land administration in ethiopia 2. The new constitution of 1995 approved and confirmed the state ownership of land in ethiopia federal democratic republic of ethiopia 1995. This document is a compilation of land laws and proclamations in tanzania and ethiopia that are in use by land administrations.
Historic events have influenced land policy in ethiopia. National policy principles and objectives national policy principles and objectives. This institutional plurality results from the claims of colonial and postcolonial authorities to ultimate ownership of all land, while states manipulate or reinforce neocustomary tenure as a mechanism of social control. An assessment of ethiopian land policy from various perspectives. Land rights, federal laws and regional laws, tigray. Land rights, holding rights, expropriation, largescale agricultural investment summary from time immemorial, land had been controlled by the elite kings and their trusted followers in ethiopia. Aug 20, 2018 thus, herein udder are the essence of the current land governance with respect to lease policy and urban land governance thereby the legal base for valuation work in ethiopia. Ethiopias transition to democracy has hit a rough patch.
The absence of registration does not prejudice the right of land use and benefit acquired through occupancy in terms of subparagraphsa and b of article 12, provided that it has been duly proved in terms of this law. It abolished all customary land rights, making all land and property, except for one residential house per family, the property of the state. Habtemariam kassa cifor, addis ababa presentation at the. An assessment of urban land lease policy implementation in ethiopia. Rural land policy under the derg regime 19741991 the derg military regime that overthrew the imperial regime in 1974 introduced radical changes in the land tenure system of ethiopia. Ethiopias experience in land use planning and existing legal frameworks. Review of landholding systems and policies in ethiopia under. Current land policy issues in ethiopia request pdf. The need to balance such competing policy prin ciples is prevalent in land rights legislation, but when eventually challenged the basic right may be determined by the courts to limit.
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